A comprehensive overview of RET fusion lung caner’s characters, diagnosis and treatment / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

The RET(REarranged during transfection) gene as a novel has broken the therapeutic deadlock in the last two years, whith is attributed to the rapid approval of targeted therapies and inclusion in treatment guidelines, bringing more hope for the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Usually, the main activation of the RET proto-oncogene contributes to the development of lung cancer via somatic rearrangements. Thus, this study reviews the biological characteristics of RET gene, the classification of RET fusion in lung cancer and the detection of RET fusion. Meanwhile the pathological and clinical features, targeted therapies, drug resistance, prognosis of lung cancer patients with RET fusion were further discussed.

Contractile Properties of Erector Spinae in Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: Based on Tensiomyography / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To analyze the contractile properties of the lumbar erector spinae in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP), and to explore their correlation with pain and dysfunction. Methods:From January to June, 2020, 24 patients with CNLBP in the outpatient and the ward of geriatric rehabilitation medicine department and 26 asymptomatic volunteers were included. Their contractile properties of the lumbar erector spinae were measured with tensiomyography, including maximum radial muscle displacement (Dm), contraction time (Tc), delay time (Td), sustain time (Ts), half-time relaxation (Tr) and lateral symmetry (LS). The contraction velocity (VC) was calculated. Potential associations of tensiomyography parameters to Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were assessed using correlation analysis. Results:No significant differences were found in Td, Ts, Tc, Tr and LS between two groups (P > 0.05). Dm and Vc were significantly lower in both sides of CNLBP group than in the control group (t > 2.058, P < 0.01). Dm or Vc were not correlated with VAS and ODI (P > 0.05). Conclusion:Erector spinae are stiff and fatiguable in patients with CNLBP, however, they are not associated with pain and dysfunction. Tensiomyography could be used for accurate diagnosis and treatment of CNLBP.

Analysis of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration's efficiency in the early diagnosis of non-central small cell lung cancer / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the early diagnosis of non-central small cell lung cancer.Methods 141 patients wereselected from July 1999 to June 2017,who were diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (stage N2 and N3).They were divided into two groups according to the approach of obtaining histopathological tissuefor diagnosis.49 cases in the experimental group were obtained by EBUS-TBNA,92 cases in the control group were done by video assisted thoracic surgery (40 cases,43.5％),mediastinoscopy (1 case,1.1％),and open procedure (51 case,55.4％).Survival outcome,time of waiting for the treatment and lengthof stay were analyzed.Results There werel09 males,32 females,the range of age is from 16 to 79 years old [(56.21 ± 11.48) years].62 lesions located in the upper lobe,12 in the middle lobe,56 in the lower lobe,11 in the middle-lower/-upper lobes.Considering the T stage,there are 7 cases of T1,61 cases of T2,45 cases of T3,and 26cases of T4,2 patients with Tx stage.Compared with conventional approach,EBUS-TBNA saved 10.78 days from admission to the time of receiving treatment [(4.62 ± 0.66)days vs.(15.40 ± 1.61) days,P ＜ 0.05],and saved 18.13 days of length of stay [(5.30 ± 0.76) days vs.(23.43 ± 2.44) days,P ＜0.05].5-year survival rate was 31.0％ for traditional group and 27.5％ for EBUS-TBNA group,there was no significant difference between two groups(P =0.308).Conclusion EBUS-TBNA couldsave the waiting days from admission to the time of receiving treatment,and also shorten the total length of stay.EBUS-TBNA was more efficient than conventional approaches (VATS,mediastinoscopy or open procedure) for diagnosing non-central small cell lung cancer with enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes.

Surgical Procedures and Perioperative Management for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Complicated with Left Atrial Tumor Thrombus / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Non-small cell lung cancer with left atrial tumor thrombus accounts for a small proportion of local advanced lung cancer. Whether surgery could bring benefits, as well as surgical options are still controversial, and have always been hot spots in surgical research. We report a single center experience of surgical treatment to non-small cell lung cancer with left atrial tumor thrombus, aim to figure out more reasonable treatment strategy.@*METHODS@#From August 2006 to July 2017, a total of 11 cases of non-small cell lung cancer with left atrial tumor thrombus underwent surgery in Thoracic Surgery Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital. Clinical data, treatment options, pathological types and prognosis of these patients were collected to perform a retrospective study.@*RESULTS@#Of the 11 patients (mean age of 57.9), 7 were men and 4 were women. Six of them received neoadjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. All patients underwent smooth operation, including 3 cases with cardiopulmonary bypass, 1 case of posterolateral approach under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, 6 cases of conventional posterolateral approach and 1 case of video-assisted minithoracotomy. Nine patients were evaluated as R0 resection while 2 cases were evaluated as R1 resection. The Surgeries cost an average of 292 min (210 min-380 min), with an average of 436 mL (100 mL-1,600 mL) blood loss. One patient (9.1%) died within 90 days after surgery, and another 4 cases (36.4%) suffered postoperative complications such as arrhythmia, cerebral infarction or hypoxemia. Six cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 4 cases of adenocarcinoma and 1 case of sarcomatoid carcinoma were identified by pathology. Seven cases were staged as pT4N0M0 while 4 cases were staged as pT4N1M0. Nine patients underwent adjuvant chemotherapy, and two patients underwent radiotherapy during follow-up. The overall follow-up time was 2 to 53 months, the 3-year disease-free survival rate was 30.7%, the median disease-free survival time was 31 months, the 3-year overall survival rate was 49.1% and the median overall survival time was 33 months.@*CONCLUSIONS@#For selected patients of non-small cell lung cancer complicated with left atrial tumor thrombus, choose a reasonable surgical approach to resect both the tumor and the thrombus, strengthen the perioperative management and apply neoadjuvant/adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, might obtain satisfying prognosis.

Prediction of infection following internal fixation of closed fractures by serum inflammatory factors / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To explore the role of serum inflammatory factors in prediction of infection following internal fixation of closed fractures and its significance for surgical timing and infection prophylaxis.Methods A retrospective study was conducted of the 100 patients who had been treated by internal fixation for closed fracture from January 2014 through July 2016.They were 52 men and 48 women,aged from 24 to 76 years (average,45 years).There were 14 femoral fractures,19 tibial plateau fractures,25 patella fractures,8 pilon fractures,22 tibiofibular shaft fractures,and 12 calcaneal fractures.Of them,21 were inflicted by wound infection.The preoperative and postoperative infection indexes,CRP,ESR,PCT and leukocyte count,were recorded.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to test the correlation between the infection indexes and postoperative infection.The optimal cut-off value was determined by the receiver operating characteristic curve.Results CRP showed a significant correlation with postoperative infection while other indexes did not.The optimal cut-off value was 25 mg/L at one day before operation.Conclusions Preoperative determination of CRP may predict the risk of postoperative infection.CRP ＞ 25 mg/L at one day before operation may indicate the following day is not suitable for surgery and active infection prophylaxis should be conducted after surgery.

Topical application of sodium hyaluronate for preventing perivascular adhesion of the vein grafts in rabbits: An experimental study / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of topical application of sodium hyaluronate on preventing perivascular adhesion of the vein grafts in rabbits. Methods Thirty-six male New Zealand white rabbits, aged 5 months, were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups: groups A and B. Arterial defect model was established by cutting about 1cm artery from the middle part of the dissected left common carotid artery. A section about 3cm was cut from the right external jugular vein, and the harvested vein was inverted and anastomosed end-to-end to the artery defect. After the anastomosis, the adventitia and two anastomoses of the grafted veins in group A were coated locally with 0.2ml sodium hyaluronate. The grafted veins were obtained 1, 2 and 4 weeks after the operation, with the perivascular adhesion of the vein grafts being examined macroscopically before the resection. HE staining and Masson staining were preformed for histological changes of grafted vein wall and the perivascular adhesion of the vein grafts. At 2, 4 weeks postoperation, the perivascular adhesions of the vein grafts were graded by the grading criteria of adhesion in macroscopic evaluation and histological evaluation. Result At 1, 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively, the macroscopic and histological observation found that the perivascular adhesions in group A were looser than those in group B. The macroscopic grade and histological grade were lower in group A than in group B, there was a significant difference between the two groups at 2 and 4 weeks postoperation (P<0.05). Conclusion Topical application of sodium hyaluronate can reduce the perivascular adhesion and is an ideal treatment strategy for preventing perivascular adhesion of vein grafts.

Routine Hemostasis and Hemogram Parameters: Valuable Assessments for Coagulation Disorder and Chemotherapy in Cancer Patients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The clotting system abnormalities are the common complication in cancer patients. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the coagulation state, clinical features, and treatment in cancer patients by routine tests.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2328 patients with different types of cancer were classified as the positive group (n = 1419, including 53 patients with thrombosis) and the negative group (n = 909) based on D-dimer (DD) value. Of the 2328 cases, 354 were admitted for chemotherapy. Hemostasis test and complete blood count (CBC) were performed during treatment or following-up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>This study showed that the hypercoagulable state was affected not only by clinical staging (P < 0.0001) but also by metastasis site (P < 0.0001 for bone vs. lung). Compared to negative DD group, the higher fibrinogen level, the extended activated partial thromboplastin time, and prothrombin time interacted markedly with disease clinical stage (P < 0.05) in the positive group. Between positive DD groups with and without thrombus, the significantly statistic difference in white blood cell (WBC) and DD (P < 0.05) rather than in red blood cell (RBC) and platelet count was observed. However, the higher DD level was not correlated with WBC, RBC, and platelet count in the positive DD group. Furthermore, the hypercoagulable plasma profile in cancer patients was moderated 2-3 weeks after chemotherapy (P < 0.05 for first six cycles).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The routine hemostatic parameters and CBC are valuable to assessment for thrombosis and chemotherapy even for disease prognosis.</p>

Improvement of a rat lung transplantation model / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Orthotopic lung transplantation model in a rat is the key to investigate the chronic rejection after lung transplantation. However, the precise surgical technique and difficult operation limit the application of the model. OBJECTIVE:To improve the process of anesthesia and lung transplantation, and to establish a rapid, safe and reversible rat lung transplantation model. METHODS:A total of 42 rats were used to establish the model, including 21 donor models and 21 receptor models. The donor lung was excised by median sternotomy with dissection of the left lung and implantation of cuffs (intravenous catheters cut into 1.5 mm sections). The left lung was implanted in the recipient by lateral thoracotomy using the cuffs for anastomoses. The duration of surgery and success rate of transplantation were recorded and calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The survival rate of rats after lung transplantation was 100%. The time of left donor lung extraction was (35.3±5.1) minutes in average. The time of placing cuff in donor lung was (12.5±4.6) minutes in average. The surgical procedure time of recipient was (50.2±3.3) minutes. The time of arteriovenous and bronchus casing anastomosis was (27.7±6.2) minutes. After pulmonary artery and vein blood flow was disparked, the whole lung turned red rapidly, blood perfusion was sufficient, venous returned unimpeded;after mechanical ventilation resumed, al graft lungs expanded wel . This improved anesthesia and lung transplantation technique in rats can provide a valid, reliable and reproducible animal model for studying immune responses and rejection in lung transplantation.

Clinical analysis of radiofrequency transcatheter ablation for treatment of tachyarrhythmia in 261 children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA) treatment for children with tachyarrhythmia of various types.Methods Two hundred and sixty-one cases with tachyarrhythmia who received RFCA at Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from Aug.2000 to Dec.2012 were selected.All electrocardiogram(ECG) and echocardiography data were obtained.All of the 261 patients underwent electrophysiological study and RFCA.The clinical data of the pediatric patients with tachyarrhythmia after RFCA in Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University were retrospectively analyzed and the curative effect and the complication rate of RFCA treatment for children with tachyarrhythmia of various types were investigated.Results (1)Among the 261 cases,4 cases had tachyarrhythmia associated with tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy,and 1 case had tachycardia associated with heart failure.(2)One hundred and forty-six cases had atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia(AVRT) ;74 cases had atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia(AVNRT) ;32 cases had idiopathic ventricular tachycardia(IVT) ;6 cases had atrial tachycardia(AT) ;and 3 cases had atrial flutter(AF).Ten children with tachyarrhythmia associated with organic heart disease received RFCA successfully.(3) The average operation time was (101.23 ±51.37) minutes and the average X-ray exposure time was(21.85 ± 17.10) minutes.(4)The total successful rate of RFCA was 98.08％ (256/261 cases),1 case(0.38％) suffered from pneumothorax after operation,and recovered after treatment.There was no serious complications nor deaths of all the patients.(5) Twenty-two cases recurred,and the total recurrence rate was 8.43％ (22/261 cases),time to relapse was 3 days to 5 years,and the average time was 7 months.There were 9 cases in IVT(9/32 cases,28.13％),7 cases in AVRT(7/146 cases,4.79％),4 cases in AVNRT(4/74 cases,5.41％),2 cases in AT(2/6 cases,33.33％).Eighteen cases received successful RFCA for second time,and 4 cases had good effect after drug control.Conclusions (1) RFCA in pediatric patients of tachyarrhythmia is relatively convenient,and this therapy can be performed safely and effectively that can cure certain tachyarrhythmia.(2) AVRT is the common type of tachyarrhythmia in children,followed by AVNRT,IVT,AT and AF.(3) The total recurrence rate of RFCA in children is low,but is relatively high in IVT and AT.(4) The success rate of RFCA is the same in children combined organic heart disease.

Study on the diagnostic value of lung biopsy in hematologic patients with lung infection / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the diagnostic value and safety of percutaneous lung biopsy in hematologic patients with lung infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>28 cases hematologic patients received CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy when they developed a fever associated with pulmonary nodules or lumps in CT scan whose clinical diagnosis were unclear during or after chemotherapy. Sample of each lesion were drawn twice. The lung tissue was re-scanned after lung biopsy to check up in order to discover bleeding and pneumothorax. Biopsy tissue was examined by bacteria culture, acid-fast staining and pathology. Pathological examination contained HE staining, acid-fast stain, PAS stain, TB-DNA, methenamine silver and others.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>28 cases contain 24 males and 4 females. Median age was 40 15 - 77 years old. Blood tests were as follows: 3 cases with HGB > 110 g/L, 9 with HGB 90 - 110 g/L, 12 with HGB 60 - 89 g/L, 4 with HGB < 60 g/L. 8 with WBC > 10×10(9)/L, 6 with WBC (4 - 10)×10(9)/L, 13 with WBC < 4×10(9)/L, 1 with WBC < 2×10(9)/L; 14 with PLT > 100×10(9)/L, 5 with PLT (50 - 100)×10(9)/L, 5 with PLT < 50×10(9)/L, 4 with PLT < 30×10(9)/L. 4 cases had mild extended PT, 3 mild extended APTT, 3 FIB lower than normal. Lung CT scans were as follows: 4 cases with simply lesion in right lung, 4 with simply lesion in left lung, 20 with lesions in bilateral lung. 8 cases were diagnosed as fungal infection, 3 as tuberculosis infection, 1 as lung cancer, 1 as pulmonary infiltration of lymphoma, 1 as pulmonary infiltration of leukemia, and 14 as inflammatory changes with no specific diagnosis. 4 cases came with pneumothorax during lung biopsy, mild to moderate in 3 cases and severe in 1 case. Severe patient turned better after CT-guided suction. 3 cases with mild hemoptysis turned better after treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>When hematopathy patients are with pulmonary nodules or lumps in CT scan whose clinical diagnosis is unclear, CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy is safe and conducive to early diagnosis and conducive to early rehabilitation of patients if the coagulation function is basically normal and platelet count is not too low.</p>

The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and F-box Proteins in Pathogenic Fungi

The ubiquitin-proteasome system is one of the major protein turnover mechanisms that plays important roles in the regulation of a variety of cellular functions. It is composed of E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3 ubiquitin ligases that transfer ubiquitin to the substrates that are subjected to degradation in the 26S proteasome. The Skp1, Cullin, F-box protein (SCF) E3 ligases are the largest E3 gene family, in which the F-box protein is the key component to determine substrate specificity. Although the SCF E3 ligase and its F-box proteins have been extensively studied in the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, only limited studies have been reported on the role of F-box proteins in other fungi. Recently, a number of studies revealed that F-box proteins are required for fungal pathogenicity. In this communication, we review the current understanding of F-box proteins in pathogenic fungi.

Sequential bilateral lobar transplantation A case report / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Lung transplantation can improve quality of life of patients who get terminal pulmonary disease and also it can help to get better survival.Now it has become one of the best therapeutic methods for terminal pulmonary disease.However,limited donors leave the development of lung transplantation in dilemma.The emergence of living lobar transplantation and cadeveric lobar transplantation let this procedure much easier.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical probability of bilateral lobar transplantation.METHODS: Sequential bilateral lobar transplantation was performed for one 26 years old cystic fibrosis female.Cardiac pulmonary bypass was used during operation.Anti-rejection(Tacrolimus,mycophenolate,etc)and anti-infection was used postoperatively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The recovery course postoperatively was smooth,and the recipient got out of hospital 7weeks later.Bilateral lobar transplantation could offer satisfied short-term pulmonary function.The long term results should be further evaluated.

A simple and effective method for total RNA isolation of appressoria in Magnaporthe oryzae / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Appressorium formation is an important event in establishing a successful interaction between the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, and its host plant, rice. An understanding of molecular events occurring in appressorium differentiation will give new strategies to control rice blast. A quick and reliable method to extract total RNA from appressorium is essential for studying gene expression during appressorium formation and its mechanism. We found that duplicate film is an efficient substratum for appressorium formation, even when inoculated with high density conidia. When inoculated with conidia at 1x10(6) ml(-1), the percentages of conidium germination and appressorium formation were (97.98+/-0.67)% and (97.88+/-0.45)%, respectively. We applied Trizol before appressorium collection for total RNA isolation, and as much as 113.6 microg total RNA was isolated from the mature appressoria at 24 h after inoculation. Functional analysis of two genes, MNH6 and MgATG1, isolated from the cDNA subtractive library, revealed that the quantity of RNA was good enough to construct a cDNA (complementary DNA) library or a cDNA subtractive library. This method may be also applicable for the appressorium RNA isolation of other pathogenic fungi in which conidia differentiate into appressoria in the early stages of host infection.

Allogeneic single lung transplantation in 7 cases / 中国组织工程研究

The present case report was designed to summarize the clinical experience of operative technique. lung preservation, lung perfusion, and perioperative management. Of 7 cases who underwent allogenic single lung transplantation (LT), 3 were idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 2 were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1 was silicosis, emphysema, and bulla, and I was tuberculosis in both sides and presented with destroyed lung in one side. All donors were already brain death. Donor lungs were well preserved utilizing Euro-Colins liquid or low-potassium dextran solution. Donors and recipients were matched in blood type. Of 7 cases selected,5 received single right lung transplantation, and 2 received single left LT. End-to-end anastomosis was performed for pulmonary branches and pulmonary arteries. while atrium-to-atrium anastomosis was performed for pulmonary vein. Antibiotics and immunosuppressants were routinely used prior to and subsequent to LT. Following LT, heart and lung function, usage of antibiotics, and adjustment of immunosuppressant were monitored. Stomal complications regarding bronchus and pulmonary artery and vein did not appear in any patient. Five cases survived for about 2 months, one for approximately 1 year, and one for nearly 2 years. Four cases died of multi-organ failure caused by pulmonary infection, and one of severe pulmonary hemorrhage caused by aspergillus sydowi infection. Rejection occurred in 6 cases. One case sufiered from rejection three times. Selection of indication, selection and preservafton of donor lung, LT operation and pre-and post-operative management of LT have acquired satisfactory achievements. High mortality occurred in patients with preoperative poor cardiac and pulmonary functions and postoperative severe infections accompany with application of immunosuppressant.

Cloning, sequencing and expression analysis of the NAR promoter activated during hyphal stage of Magnaporthe grisea / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

The promoter of NAR gene in Magnaporthe grisea was isolated and sequenced. The promoter sequences contained the "TATA" box, the "CAAT" box, and binding sites for fungal regulatory proteins. Programs that predict promoter sequences indicated that promoter sequence lies between locations 430 and 857 of the NAR promoter fragment. GFP expression under the NAR promoter and NAR transcript analysis revealed that this promoter is activated primarily at the mycelial stage in the rice blast fungus and could be used to express native or extrinsic genes in the mycelia of the rice blast fungus.

Atorvastatin inhibits scavenger receptor A and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expressions in foam cell / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of atorvastatin on expressions of scavenger receptor A and secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in foam cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>THP-1 cells were induced to differentiate into macrophages by PMA and treated with 0.1% BSA (control), ox-LDL (100 mg/L) or ox-LDL plus atorvastatin (5, 10, 20 micromol/L) for 24 hours. MCP-1 concentration in cell substratum was measured by ELISA. Scavenger receptor A expression was observed under fluorescent microscope after incubated with DiI-Ac-LDL. The relationship between concentration of MCP-1 and the activity of scavenger receptor A was also analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to the control cells, MCP-1 concentration in ox-LDL treated cells was significantly increased after 6 hours, peaked at 12 hours and was still significantly increased after 24 hours (all P < 0.05 vs. baseline). The activity of scavenger receptor A was also significantly increased in ox-LDL treated cells (P < 0.01 vs. control). The activity of scavenger receptor A proteins correlated positively to the concentration of MCP-1 in ox-LDL treated cells (r = 0.683, P < 0.01). Atorvastatin significantly attenuated these changes in a dose-dependent manner.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Scavenger receptor A and MCP-1 expressions were significantly increased in the course of monocyte lines THP-1 differentiating into macrophages and foam cells. The anti-atherosclerosis effect of atorvastatin might be partly achieved by inhibiting the secretion of MCP-1 and expression of scavenger receptor A in foam cells.</p>

Relation between the angiotensin II type 2 receptor polymorphism and essential hypertension in men / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AGTR2) gene, and to determine whether the AGTR2 polymorphisms are associated with essential hypertension in a male Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Direct DNA sequencing was performed in 20 subjects. 96 male hypertensive patients and 107 normal controls were included to assess the contribution of the SNP of AGTR2 gene to hypertension.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven SNP of the AGTR2 gene were identified, of which 4 were reported for the first time. A case-control study including two polymorphisms (A1675G and T1334C) showed a significant increase in the A1675 allele frequency among male hypertensive subjects as compared with normotensive subjects (49.0% vs 34.6%, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The AGTR2 A1675G polymorphism might be involved in the development of essential hypertension in male Chinese.</p>

Association of angiotensin II receptor type 1 gene single nucleotide polymorphism with Chinese essential hypertension complicated with coronary heart disease / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the genetic variants of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) gene in a population of Han ethnicity in east China and to determine whether the AT1 gene polymorphisms are associated with essential hypertension (EH) and coronary heart disease (CHD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed in 20 subjects by a direct DNA sequencing. All 213 EH patients, 171 patients of EH with CHD and 200 controls were genotyped by three detected SNPs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight positive SNPs were detected in the promoter, exon and 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of AT1 gene. A case-control study by using a frequent SNP (A-153G) in the promoter region, showed a significant increase in allele frequency of G-153 in the subjects of EH complicated with CHD (17.8% vs 11.5% for normal controls, P < 0.05). The SNP A1166C, which has been widely studied, manifested no difference in the three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A polymorphism in the promoter region (A-153G) of AT1 gene might be involved in the development of EH and CHD in Han ethnicity population in east China.</p>

Representative appressorium stage cDNA library of Magnaporthe grisea / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

A mature appressorium cDNA library of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe grisea, was constructed in a lambdaTriplEx2 vector by SMART cDNA library containing 2.37x10(6) independent clones about 100% of which harbor foreign cDNA inserts with average size of 660 bp. Of 9 randomly selected clones, 2 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) sequences did not have homologous EST sequences of M. grisea in GenBank. The appressorium cDNA library is suitable for gene expression analysis and function analysis of the late stages of appressorium formation and the early stages of penetration of M. grisea.

Association of angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 gene polymorphism with essential hypertension in Chinese / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the genetic variants of angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene in a Chinese population and to determine whether the ACE2 gene polymorphisms are associated with essential hypertension (EH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seven hundred and forty-five patients with EH and 362 normal blood pressure controls were included in the study to assess the contribution of polymorphism of ACE2 gene. Direct DNA sequencing was performed to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 20 subjects who were randomly selected from the EH patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One SNP named G8790A located in the 4th base of the third intron was found in the 20 patients. The genotyping data indicate that the A allele frequency in male EH patients complicated with cardiac incompetence(55%) is significantly different from that in the control group(43.3%)(P<0.01). The A allele frequency in female patients with cardiac incompetence (56.1%) is higher than that in the controls (50.5%), but the difference does not reach statistical significance.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The G8790A polymorphism may be related to the essential hypertension with cardiac incompetence in Chinese population. Additional investigation will be need to confirm the association.</p>